Posts Tagged ‘and’

TAND Gate

May 9, 2021

The last two post were my personal dialog with Trinary procedures so I can start to create complex decision trees that can act in a intelligent and logical way. These are the beginnings into a natural engineered form of intelligence, I dare not say AI as these ideas are not artificial, they are natural only non living.

I went back to some of my work with the DG series of chips so I could make an interface board for the Led Matrix. I could design it with relays but decided that it would be great to see other options for Trinary design. Once mastered, an ALU would be the first step, maybe with many extra functions that binary ALU’s struggle to implement. I hope to add a Trinary version of Quantum Arithmetic built from these gates. (Not Quantum Mechanics)

The first hurdle to climb is to test the DG403.

The next is to define the Trinary gates required.

Then create a schematic and a PCB board

Here is the DG403 version of an TAND gate

****Warning**** everything here has not been tested, so I apologise for any errors.

I hope you enjoy my adventure, it has been a long, quite, happy and while being a lonely journey, it is never boring, excitement for the future is beyond any reward, regards Arto.

The 2 to 9 Decoder

May 4, 2021

The 2 to 9 Decoder

by Arto Juhani Heino (c) 2021

The completion of the trinary understanding in relays has been very rewarding, this is my first attempt at a trinary decoder chip version of the 3-8 decider 74138, where a 2-9 decoder TD2-9 is a trinary designed device that would also do the job. It could be fabricated with FETs and miniaturised so it fits onto existing chip boards.

As I see this as my first step into making useful and efficient circuitry based on trinary inputs and easily adapted to the standards in current use. I see great promise in adapting trinary systems to current binary as a step into integration. These ideas are adaptable and flexible to be used in some AI systems. even now.

The long dreamed idea of a trinary system was to advance understanding of natures logic and repair the mistakes made in the service of short gain which is full of hubris and greed. Current digital systems can be 256 wide, but not in most cases they run 64bit and 32bit subsystems even some 16 and 8 bit are in the mix, is all due to the through put required by graphic chips to reduce time lags and memory bottle necks with all that constraint issues.

These behemoth super computer systems are complex to design and control. let us look some maths.

Binary Trinary

0………+ 0 –
2 bit…….3 trit
4 bit…….9 trit
8 bit…….27 trit
16 bit…..81 trit
32 bit…..243 trit at this point we have reached beyond our current systems
64 bit…..729 trit
128 bit…2187 trit
256 bit…6561 trit
512 bit…19683 trit As you can see that 64bit computing is the norm at present and moving into 128bit at lighting pace. Where we could have reached 729 trit in the same time frame. imagine the 64bit super cellphone you hold in your hand would have been the norm in 1980’s. This is the amount of development retardation we were forced to endure due to short sightedness and unripe understanding of all the future issues at hand. This simple list shows one aspect, here the binary decoder version

Binary inputs and Binary outputs
1_______________2
2_______________4……74139
3_______________8……74138……4028
4_______________16….74154
5_______________32
6_______________64

So a 3 to 8 decoder has the trinary equivent of the 2 to 9 decoder, if we ueed 3 inputs we would arrive at 27 outputs, the advantages are simple.

Trinary Inputs and Trinary outputs
Trinary Inputs and Binary outputs
Binary Inputs and Binary outputs
Binary Inputs and Trinary outputs
1___3……..TD1-3
2___9……..TD2-9 can also act like two of 4 bit dual level logic (2 Only gates make a Sure gate)
3___27……TD3-27
4___81……TD4-81
5___243….TD5-243
6___729….TD6-729

There are no off the shelf trinary chips to build useful devices from these decoders as yet.At this present form(very large relays) you could apply these trinary systems to AI of the grid system, where self regulation with the enviroment is required and not optional. As you are dealing with an Earth that has all three parts of the trinary logic, the Sky, the surface and Inner Earth, as ” + 0 – “. I have extended the understanding here to illustrate our well of energy we walk upon.

This diagram illustrates the relay design of the three different trinary gates you need here. You can make the relays a small or big as you need . Everything here is simple and easily built on you electronic bench, please feel free to use these gates in a project.

INC and DEC gates and a TAND gate

As now I have decided upon my choice of trinary AND gates, which there are a few, the TAND gates now lives amongst my circuit ideas. More decoders and encoder to be illustrated very soon.

TD2-9 Trinary Decoder

Here is the place this circuit will live, 2 of these to drive the 16 pin 8 x 8 led matrix (ADM-388C0). How simple is that, 4 trinary trits control 81 LED locations, 64 for the Matrix and 17 for other things.Regards Arto.

The Trinary Explorer Board

The Induction Computer Part 4

October 17, 2017

The Induction Computer Part 4

by Arto Juhani Heino (c) 2017

I am back from the wilderness, the experiences of Spring has overwhelmed my Audio and Visual organs, natures beauty is beyond any simple description. The last post I never mentioned the Trinary system that took my designs closer to a complete new type of thinking to develop a Trinary ALU, much more interesting than the Binary approach. Here is the 555 timer I promised from the last post, it is closer to a build-able relay design than my first prototype.

I didn’t show any parameters for the Basic Logic Cell. Here is my sizes and reasoning:

The Basic Logic Cell – Logical Unit

Working from the true measure the Royal Cubit approx 523.24mm, rounding to 525mm. The Palm is four fingers and seven palms make the Royal Cubit.

75mm x 75mm Sqr (aprox 3″ x 3 “)= 1 square Palm.
18.75mm Thick(rounding to 19mm, aprox 3/4” ) = 1 finger thick.

This was why I chose the Ancient Royal Cubit, when you measure the longitudinal velocity of light in royal cubits equals exactly 900000000. Thus it is the exact measure of the Royal Cubit.

Velocity of Light = C
= 299792458 mtrs sec
Longitudinal Velocity of Light = Pi/2 x C
= 1.5708 x 299792458
= 470912891.8272 = CL
Therefore
= CL/900000000
=470912891.8272/900000000
= 0.5232365 Mtrs
= 1 Royal Cubit

This means all your measures you use on materials is concordant to a universal standard, so by coordinating Electrical, Sonic and Hydraulic wave forms in your Logical Unit, all the impedance issues would be known, thus engineer-able.

The Universal Binary Engine

To complete my journey back to relays here is one draft of the Universal Binary Engine, it was designed to be used with a rotary commutator in mind, I was considering the technology of 1900 and the implementation of the Tesla tower as a the hub of computing the Longitudinal Ground Wave communication traffic he would have had to encounter if his tower was finished. Here are my preliminary data covering the commutator and/or relay computer. I have dubbed it “The Universal Binary Engine“, it has motoring logic built in, so a rotating system is viable, a whole new way of conveying intelligence through simple matrix connections with commutators , setting up codes for binary transmission in as many bits as needed. This would be similar to the type of computer switching system Tesla could have worked out during his Wardenclyff period, to direct the control of a complex communication system, with subscribers numbering into the hundreds of millions, not bad for pre-transistor or valve era. Each bit would be just another commutator in rows of switching array commutators, this way you can accommodate large address locations on the globe using a whole wave node number(Earth circumference wave number derived from the frequency of operation) and the directions NSEW as your location matrix. I have a vision in my mind regarding the operational frequencies and mechanical rotating frequencies to make such a system operate as a World Wireless System (NOT Radio), here is a draft PDF of one of my ideas. Here.   As this was about laying the most simplest wiring and layout, where you could his own switching systems as per Patent 685953, as illustrated in my Volume I, page 343. I always draft my original designs by free hand sketches and hand written work books, while I  am design the Trinary version as well this way, I only draw my work on computer long after I have cleared up any mistakes, either physically tested or carefully worked out on spread sheets.

Trinary

Here is list of the first 6 Trinary single input logic gate operations, there are more that I will list shortly.

The Switch is of great importance here, the three distinct actions are of a greater Logic to apply than just on and off. The beginning of a decision tree within the three way action, yes, maybe, no. Where most will see the “0” as a null action it is a vital internal pivot to allow a current flow in be diverted for other operations, as you will see in these basic two input relay gates.

The design scheme was very involved, looking at history and to develop a version that was simple and functional, as my earlier designs show we can still lose the battery and use magnets. The next few gates tested my underlying geometry as a square 5 internal layout.

I have completed the Or, Nor, Xor and Xnor  gates and the many other possible logic gates have been noted and configured for future design steps.

The ideas for using the new found parameters available haven’t been explored in the main stream forums as yet, it is not so much the answers they can provide but what are the questions we need to ask and what solutions these gates can provide, we are looking for problems that need solving, this is what will propel these ideas forward.  Here is the third page of the steps to arrive at a simple Trinary system with only batteries, switches and leds.

This table below shows some my more interesting breakdown of Logical Gates and new concepts of interaction with the extra three Logical operators to complete  another Axiom to investigate.

(18×18)/2 = 162

162 approximates PHI

Thus in an abstracted manner, I am applying natural arithmetic, with a golden Ratio as its final Sum.

I am still working on these and will add another post soon, Regards Arto.